采摘期和负载量对酥梨的影响研究

A Study of Influence of Harvest Dates and Number of Fruits on the Baisu Pear Trees

本试验以1959年定植、每亩20株的酥梨为试材.通过2年不同采摘期和负载量处理,结果初步表明,在一定水平上,负载量是产量的决定因素,但随着负载量减少,一年生短枝和根的干物质、淀粉含量相应提高,从而增加翌年花量.适当推迟采收,不但提高产量,而且增进品质.采摘期对当年果实品质的影响大于负载量,而对树体同化物质的积累及花芽形成的影响小于负载量.酥梨果实生长的盛末期出现在花后144天.本试验条件下,酥梨以枝/果比2.5-3.0的中等负载量,即花后142-149天采收的各项指标较好;

Investigations were made for influence of harvest dates and number of fruits on quality, yield of fruits and accumulation of assimilated matter in trees in Taixian orchard, using Baisu pear (P. bretschneideri Rehd) trees planted in 1959 with 20 plants per mu as the experimen- tal materials in both 1983 and 1984. Based on the 2-year experiments, the results obtained indicated that the yield was de- pendent on the number of fruits this year to a certain extent, but the ratio of branch/fruit was positively correlated to the average weight of fruit. The higher the ratio of branch/fruit, the more were the content of dry matter and starch in 1-year-old spurs and roots, and the number of flower buds in the following year. With delaying of harvest date, fruit quality and yield raised. Influence of number of fruits on fruit growth and accumulation of assimilated matter in the current year and the number of flower buds in the following year in the tree were more important than that of the harvest dates. In this experimental conditions, it appeared best to harvest on 142-149 days from bloom and load the tree with a ratio of 2.5-3.0 of branch/fruit.