中国社会保障:“十二五”回顾与“十三五”展望

Social Security in China:Review of "the 12^(th) Five-Year Plan" and Outlook of "the 13^(th) Five-Year Plan"

我国社保改革在"十二五"取得了制度改革全面推进、法制建设明显加强、惠及民生快速提升等重要成就,已经成为全民共享国家发展成果的基本途径与制度保障。但也存在着社会保障理念迷雾、缺乏科学的顶层设计、公平性不足与效率不高并存、责任不清与责任失衡等问题,还面临着公信力不足、地区发展不平衡、人口老龄化、福利刚性增长与政府财力增长减缓的矛盾。"十三五"特别需要立足国家治理现代化的视角与国计民生的长远发展,实现对中国特色社会保障体系的理性建构。

During 'the 12^( th) Five-Year Plan' period, thereformof socialsecurity system in China has achieved great success in comprehensivelyimplementing thereformof the whole system, strongly constructing the legal system and rapidly promoting people's welfares. Social security has become the basic approach and institutional guarantee for the people to share the developmental achievements. Nevertheless, there still exist some inadequacies of the system, including unclear concepts, lack of scientific top-level design, lack of fairness and efficiency, as well as unclear and imbalanced responsibility. Moreover, the system also faces the challenges of lack of credibility, uneven development in different regions, an aging population, increase of welfare rigidity and the slow-down of government financial growth. The system reform in 'the 13 ^(th) Five-Year Plan' period needs to be built upon the perspective of nationalgovernance modernization and the long-term development of the national economy and people's livelihood, and to achieve rational construction of a social security system with Chinese characteristics.