公办养老机构价格管理改革个案研究——以杭州市第三社会福利院为例

A Case Study on the Price Deregulation Reform of Public Aged Care Institution Service:The Case of Hangzhou Third Social Welfare Home

公办养老机构的服务价格由价格管理部门确定,不仅低于市场价,而且常常低于成本价。但意在为困难老年群体提供优惠的价格管制政策事实上却会导致公共养老资源分配不公、影响服务供给增加和服务质量提高等问题。针对上述问题,浙江省对公办养老机构服务价格管理进行改革,杭州市第三社会福利院被选为试点单位。本文通过三福院的个案研究,讨论"为什么要改革?为什么这样改革?改革的效果如何?"三福院改革是多重约束条件下"夹缝中的改革",兼顾了成本定价原则、公办养老机构的公益性和社会经济承受能力,总体而言具有重要创新意义,但也存在一些遗憾之处。未来的改革应将公办养老机构价格管理改革和补贴制度改革、机构运营方式改革结合起来。

The service price of public aged care institution is regulated by the price management administration and it is often set lower than the cost. However, the low price policy, which aimed to benefit the poor disabled old people, leads to problems such as unfair distribution of public resources, service supply decrease and service quality degradation. Zhejiang price management administration realizes that a deregulation reform should be adopted and Hangzhou Third Social Welfare Home(HZTSWH) is chosen as a pilot study. This paper focuses on the HZTSWH case and tries to answer the following three question:(1) why do we carry out the price management reform?(2) how the reform plan is decided? and(3) what are the effects of the reform? The HZTSWH reform is a reform under different constraints. The cost pricing principle, the nature of public welfare and the socio-economic bearing capacity should be taken into account cautiously. In all, the reform is a great innovation, but there are also some drawbacks. The future reform should combine the price reform with the subsidy reform and the reform of the organizational operation mode.