Wh-分裂句的元语言功能和英语句法教学

An Understanding of the Meta-functions of Wh-clefts

本文以Halliday提出的系统功能语法为框架,从语篇功能和经验功能两个角度探讨wh-分裂句的元语言功能,即转换语篇话题、突显信息焦点、增强动态交际的语篇功能和表达“排他性”、再现静态过程的经验功能。分析的目的在于:(1)说明用功能语法的框架分析特殊的句式有利于展示其独特的多维功能;(2)指出系统功能语法对于英语句法教学的启示:句法教学应超越对结构和形式的分析,强调形式与功能的互动,强调意义和语境的相关性。

This paper attempts to offer a context-based analysis of the multi-functions of the wh-clefts construction within the framework of systemic functional grammar. The analysis shows that the wh-clefts have the textual functions of achieving fluent topic transfer, carrying contrastive information focus, enacting dynamic discourse interaction and the experiential function of representing experience as a static process and displaying a semantic property of exclusiveness. The underlying purposes of this study are: (1) to show how functional approaches help with the understanding of the multidimensional meanings of a given linguistic construction; (2) to draw the pedagogical implication that the teaching of syntax should transfer its emphasis from structure description and prescription to the understanding of the interaction between form and function as well as that between meaning and context.