黄土高原旱地长期施用微肥对冬小麦产量及氮磷养分吸收的影响

Effects of long-term applying micronutrients fertilization on wheat yield and N and P uptake in dryland of Loess Plateau

以长达18年的微量元素肥料定位试验为背景,研究了长期施用微肥对小麦产量及氮磷养分吸收量的影响。结果表明,在施NP肥的基础上施Zn、B、Mn可显著提高小麦生物学产量,较NP+KH2PO4分别提高6%以上;施Zn、B可显著提高小麦籽粒产量,较NP增产分别为5.5%和6.0%,较NP+KH2PO4分别增产8.4%和8.9%;施Cu使小麦吸氮量提高3.1%,吸磷量提高7.7%,较NP+KH2PO4吸氮量、吸磷量分别提高6.0%和5.5%;施Zn使小麦吸氮量提高4.1%,吸磷量提高2.5%,分别较NP+KH2PO4处理吸氮量、吸磷量分别提高8.0%和6.9%;同时,施Zn、Mn、Cu肥较NP+KH2PO4更有利于籽粒对氮素的吸收。

Based on a longterm experiment of applying micronutrients fertilizer for 18 years,the paper investigated effects of longterm applying micronutrients fertilizer on wheat yield and N and P uptake by wheat.On the condition of applying NP fertilizer,biomass of applying Zn?B?Mn fertilizer were 6% higher than that of only applying NP fertilizer and applying KH2PO4.Grain yield of applying Zn?B fertilizer were 5.5%?6.0% higher than that of only applying NP fertilizer,8.4%?8.9% higher than that of applying KH2PO4,respectively.By applying Cu fertilizer,total N and P uptake were increased by 3.1% and 7.7% respectively,the increase rate were 6.0% and 5.5% respectively when they were compared with applying KH2PO4.By applying Zn fertilizer,total N and P uptake were increased by 4.1% and 2.5%,the increase rate were 8.0% and 6.9% respectively when they were compared with applying KH2PO4.In addition,applying Zn?Mn?Cu fertilizer were more benefit for uptake N by grain than applying KH2PO4,applying Zn?B?Cu fertilizer were benefit for uptake P by grain.