恩格尔系数衡量城镇居民生活水平适用性

The Applicability of Measuring the Living Standard of Urban Residents by Using Engel Coefficient

根据我国 1980年和 2 0 0 0年恩格尔系数所反映的各省 (市 )居民生活水平资料 ,发现两个不同时期其真实性有很大差异 .分析了造成这种差别的原因 :(1)职工非现金福利收入的增加 ;(2 )少数职工的非法收入的大量增加 ;(3)居民饮食结构的改变 ;(4 )物价上涨的影响 ;(5 )恩格尔系数本身存在技术问题 ;(6 )抽样调查本身存在问题 .提出用一种“新系数”来衡量城镇居民生活水平 ,其优点是 :(1)不受各地区实际支出 ,即人为控制调节的影响 ;(2 )不需用其他指标作解释 ,直观性强 ;(3)因可以扣除物价因素 ,它不受物价波动的影响 ;4 )调查户填报和计算简易方便 ,可扩大样本调查量 ,提高反映住户总量可靠性 .

Based on the analysis of the data reflecting living standard by Engel index in 1980 and 2000 in China, it could be found that the disparities between the realities and that pictured by the index change remarkably. The reasons are discussed. Some problems with Engel index are pointed out. A new index system is introduced, which apprantly has many superiorities.