中国共产党民族政策的重大转变——从联邦制到民族区域自治制度

A Great Transformation of CPC's Policy towards Nationalities ——From Federalism to Regional Autonomy of Ethic Groups

文章分析了中国共产党民族政策从联邦制到民族区域自治制度的转变过程。作者指出,造成民族政策转变的原因在1983年李维汉同志给中央领导人和邓小平同志的信中有说明,一是由于我国汉族人口占绝大多数,汉族与少数民族相互杂居和交错而居,二是我国是在党领导下各民族平等联合建立的共和国,没有经历民族分离。此外,毛泽东关于民族区域自治思想和建国前的民族区域自治实践,也为民族区域自治制度的实施奠定了基础。

This paper makes an analysis of the transformation of CPC's policies towards nationalities from federalism to regional autonomy to ethnic groups. As is pointed out in a letter, by Li Weihan, to the leader of CCCPC and Deng Xiaoping, one reason for this transformation is that Han nationality constitutes an overwhelming majority of the whole population and Han nationality live together with ethnic groups; the other reason is that the People's Republic of China, founded by people of all nationalities does not divide. In addition, Mao Zedong's theory about regional autonomy of ethnic group and its practice lay a solid foundation for the system of regional autonomy of ethnic groups.