语料库·蓝本·双语词典

Computer Corpus,Source Dictionary and Bilingual Lexicography

计算机语料库提供大量经过整理和标注的原始语言素材,是研究自然语言的有力手段,也是词典编纂的强大工具。词典编纂应基于第一手语料并采用描写主义原则,这已经成为中外词典学界的共识和主流。长期以来,双语词典大多依赖一个或几个蓝本进行编写,结果往往是“人云亦云”或“千人一面”。要编出有特色的双语词典必须采用语料库,这是大势所趋。但另一方面,语料库并非万能,双语词典的编纂也不必完全排斥高质量的蓝本词典,洗澡水不能和婴儿一起倒掉。

Corpora contain digjtalized linguistic information carefully arranged and stored on computer for the purpose of linguistic studies and can greatly facilitate dictionary compilation. It is now a general consensus and mainstream practice among lexicographers to make use of corpora and take a descriptive approach in compiling dictionaries. For a long time bilingual dictionaries had been based on one or two monolingual dictionaries as a model with the result that they seldom had their own character. It is desirable nowadays that a corpus should be utilized to produce bilingual dictionaries with unique features. -However, corpus is not a panacea. High-quality source dictionaries are not to be turned down. We cannot afford to throw out the baby with the bathwater.