《三国志注》所引杂传述略

A Concise Review of the Non-official Biographies Cited in Interpretations to Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms

南朝刘宋时期,裴松之为《三国志》作注,引用了大量的杂传作品,从不同侧面反映了当时的社会情况。从形式上看,这些杂传与史传不同,它们脱离史书独立存在,思想自由,篇幅短小,灵活多样,标志着魏晋时期古典传记文学进入了一个新的发展阶段。从艺术渊源看,它们继承了以《史记》为代表的史传传统,但又有发展,往往以细节和人物的言行刻画传主形象,心理刻画较为细腻,且具有传奇色彩和感情色彩。它们既补充了《三国志》的不足,又使历史人物个性化,因而有较高的史学、文学价值。

Pei Songzhi, a scholar writing when Emperors from the Liu family were on the throne of State of Song in the Southern Dynasties, cited large quantities of nonofficial biographies in interpreting Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms, which mirrored contemporary social circumstances in different ways. Formally spearking, these nonofficial biographies were different from historical ones because they were independent of historical works with liberal ideas, short passage and flexible and diverse forms. This only indicates that Chinese classical biography literature ushered into a new era of development in time of the Wei and the Jin dynasty. From a perspective of artistic orgin, these nonofficial biographies succeeded the tradition of historical biography established by Records of the Historian and carried it forward by portraying the image of the biographical figure with details and conduct, with detailed psychological description and with dark color of romance and affection. Thus these nonofficial biographies are of rather high value in history and in literature for they made up for Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms and made those historical figures individualistic.