语篇分析与英语听力教学

Discourse Analysis and the Teaching of English Listening

在英语听力教学中 ,不论是非英语专业学生还是英语专业学生 ,都存在一个普遍的问题 ,即对单句和简短对话式的听力理解能力强 ,而对较长的语篇理解能力差。他们在听力中的问题主要反映在语言、词汇和句法结构层面上。这是因为他们在听的过程中只是孤立地去听懂每一句话而不是通篇理解。而语篇分析的目的不在于对局部语义的解读 ,而在于对篇章整体的解读 ,通过语篇解读 ,学生们就能真正理解所听材料 ,记住其主要内容。

There is a common problem for both the students of English major and the ones of non English major in the teaching of listening comprehension. That is: their listening comprehension for simple sentences and short dialogues is quite good, while their listening comprehension for longer discourses is relatively poor. Their problem in listening comprehension lies mainly in literal understanding of language, vocabulary and sentence structures. This is because they try to catch each separate sentence while listening and seldom regard the discourse as a whole. The purpose of discourse analysis is to interpret the whole discourse, not to deconstruct each separate part. Therefore, only by discourse analysis can students greatly improve their listening comprehension and memorize what they have heard.