苏南太湖流域地下水过度开采引起的地面沉降及其防治对策

Land Subsidence Problem and Its Control in Taihu Basin of South Jiangsu Province due to Overexploitation of Underground Water

因地下水过量开采而引起的地面沉降是重要的地质灾害和生态环境问题. 据最新统计资料,全国96个城市或地区发生了不同程度的地面沉降. 苏南太湖流域由于城镇用水和工业用水的迅速增加,大量开采地下水,导致区域内出现了5000 km2的地区地面沉降,有些地区累计沉降量超过2.0m. 地面沉降已经影响到区域的供水安全和生态安全,增加了基础设施建设成本. 加快区域供水步伐,调整工业结构,加强水资源综合规划和管理是防治地面沉降的重要措施.

The economy in Taihu Basin of Jiangsu Province is developing very quickly, which has led to large increase of water demand for urban and industry use. Overexploitation of underground water has given rise to serious land subsidence. At present, the area of land subsidence in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou has reached 5000km2. Land subsidence has great influence on the security of water supply and has increased the expanse of flood mitigation. Closing the deep wells, adjusting industrial structure, quickening the development of regional water supply and strengthening comprehensive water management are important measures to control land subsidence.