煤层群煤与瓦斯安全高效共采体系及应用

Application of Safe and High-Efficient Exploitation System of Coal and Gas in Coal Seams

提出了高瓦斯煤层群煤与瓦斯安全高效共采的概念:在煤层群开采条件下,首先开采瓦斯含量低、无突出危险的首采煤层,利用其采动影响使处在其上部和下部的煤层卸压,煤层透气性成百倍地增加,从而形成高效的瓦斯抽采条件,同时进行的卸压瓦斯高效抽采既解决了由卸压煤层向首采煤层涌出瓦斯问题,保障首采煤层实现安全高效开采,又大幅度地降低了卸压煤层的瓦斯含量,消除了煤与瓦斯突出危险性,为在卸压煤层内实施快速掘进与高效采煤方法提供了安全保障,从而实现了瓦斯与煤炭两种资源的安全高效共采,文中介绍了针对不同卸压瓦斯流动特点的近程、中程和远程卸压瓦斯抽采方法及工程应用实践,最后对高瓦斯煤层群煤与瓦斯安全高效共采体系的应用前景进行了分析。

The conception of the safe and high-efficient exploitation system of coal and gas was put forward in high gas content coal seams. While exploiting coal seams, the coal seam with low gas content and without coal and gas outburst danger was exploited firstly. Then the pressure on the coal seams which is above or below the exploited coal seam was relieved making use of the exploiting effect. At the same time the permeability of the coal seams increased hundreds times, and a high-efficient extraction condition of gas was formed. The high-efficient extraction of pressure relief gas either solves the problem of gas effusing from the pressure relief coal seams to the exploited coal seam to ensure the exploiting safely and high efficiently for the exploited coal seam or reduces the gas content greatly in the pressure relief coal seams to eliminate the outburst danger of coal and gas. This can offer a safeguard to tunnel fast and stope high-efficiently in the pressure relief coal seams. Consequently the safe and high-efficient exploitation of gas and coal comes into effect. The extraction methods and engineering application of pressure relief gas were introduced in short distance, intermediate distance and long distance according to its flow characteristic. At last the application prospect of this high-efficient exploitation system was discussed.