杂交粳稻若干米质性状的配合力

Combining Ability of Some Grain Quality Characters in Hybrid Rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. sinica)

杂交粳稻F_2种子的加工品质和外观品质,除整精米率同时受一般配合力(GCA)和特殊配合力(SCA)的作用外,糙米率、精米率、糙米长和长/宽比以及垩白米率主要受亲本GCA的作用。亲本GCA可决定上述性状变异的74.77—91.59％,其中恢复系GCA所决定的变异为49.57—83.58％。除垩白米率外,其余性状的GCA与亲本本身的表现有密切的关系。

Combining abilities of 8 grain quality characters in hybrid rice ( O. sativa L. ssp. sinica ) were studied with 18 hybrids between 3 CMS lines ( A lines ) and 6 restorer lines ( R liens ) with NCII design. The percentages of brown rice, milled rice and chalk rice and the length and length/width ratio of husked rice were found to be affected only by GCA effects of A and R lines, while the head rice percentage affected by both GCA and SCA effects.Since 74.77-91.59% of the variations in those grain quality characters of F2 seeds could be attributed to GCA of A and R lines, and 49.57-83.58% to R1 ines, the key to improve milling and appearence characteristics of sinica hybrid rice may be the selection of GCA of parents, especially of the R lines. The cloes relationship between the GCA for a trait of a parent ( except for chalk rice percentage ) and the direct measurement of that trait suggested that it would be effective to select a parent directly on the basis of the measurement of a target trait. Problems concerning how to improve the grain quality of sinica hybrid rice were discussed.