西藏那曲现行草场管理方式与草地退化的关系

The current management pattern and grassland gegradation in Naqu prefecture, Tibet, China

通过对那曲地区草场管理方式和草地退化现状的分析,探讨了现行的草场管理方式对载畜量、草场建设、草场保护和草场生态的影响,进一步证明了现行的"牲畜私有,草场公有"的草地畜牧业经营方式是造成草场严重超载、滥牧、抢牧、缺乏建设、缺少管护的后果,从而导致草地严重退化,环境趋于恶化。提出了尽快落实草地承包责任制,科学利用与管理草地,加强草地生态研究等建议。

In this paper, the current management pattern and the present degradation situation of grassland in Naqu prefecture, Tibet, China were analysed The current situation of grazing capacity and grassland protection, grassland construction which attribute to the current management pattern and effect on grassland degradation were discussed The conclusion was given that the current management pattern of 'livestocks belong to family but grassland belong to public' was dominant factor which lead to the results of overgrazing, random herd and contending for herd The work of construction and protection of grassland were absence to result grassland degradation even environment deterioration at present Some suggestions were proposed, such as grassland contract, scientific management and utilization of grassland resources, and the research of alpine grassland ecology should be pay attention to 