截石位术后患者两种平放下肢方法对血压和心率的影响

Influence of Two Postures of Lower Limbs on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Patients after Lithotomy Postural Operation

目的 探讨截石位术后患者体位改变对血压和心率的影响及防止循环并发症的方法。方法 将46例截石位手术患者随机分为两组,手术完成后,对照组采用双下肢同时平放,实验组采用双下肢间隔3min先后平放,记录体位改变前后血压和心率的变化。结果 全体观察对象在改变体位后,收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)均明显下降(P<0.001),心率的变化无统计学意义;实验组与对照组相比,SBP及DBP下降程度明显减少(P<0.01)。结论 截石位手术患者在改变体位后发生明显的血压下降;采用双侧下肢先后缓慢平放的方法可以显著减小血压下降的程度,有效预防循环并发症的发生。

Objective To investigate the influence of posture changing on blood pressure and heart rate in patients after lithotomy postural operation, and to probe into the means to prevent postoperative circulatory complications. Methods 46 patients undergoing lithotomy postural surgery were randomly divided into two groups. In control group, both lower limbs were laid flat simultaneously after operation, and in experimental group, the lower limbs were laid flat one after another at an interval of 3 minutes. Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored before and after posture changing. Results After posture changing, systolic blood pressure (SBP)and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)dropped significantly in all patients (P<0.001),but no significant variation was found for heart rate. The level of blood pressure decline was different between the two groups(P<0.01). Conclusion In patients undergoing lithotomy postural surgery, a significant blood pressure drop may be found during posture changing;a new way of posture change, that is to lay flat the lower limbs slowly one after another, may obviously diminish the edgree of blood perssure drop, and effectively prevent postoperative circulatory complications.