不同形式精料对牛胃肠消化代谢的影响

Effect of defferent forms of concentrated feed on rumen digestion of cattle

研究了对3头装置有长久性瘤胃瘘管及十二指肠双筒"T"型瘘管的黑白花公牛犊饲喂粉状料(Ⅰ期)和颗粒料(Ⅱ期)后,瘤胃的消化代谢进入十二指肠的食糜的变化.Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期干物质采食量、C2 C3(乙酸 丙酸)分别为(4559.00±59.23)g·d-1和(5147.00±173.78)g·d-1,2.56±0.03和3.06±0.04,差异极显著(P<0.01);进入十二指肠食糜量为(47989.00±1741.00)g.d-1和(59184.00±3840.00)g·d-1,差异显著(P<0.05).结果表明,饲喂颗粒性精料可增加反刍动物的采食量,促进皱胃排空,进入十二指肠的食糜量增加;同时引起瘤胃发酵类型的变化,增加乙酸比例,从而改善了瘤胃的机械性和化学性消化代谢,提高了饲料的利用率.

Three blackwhite oxen, installed with permenant fistula in rumen and 'T' type fistula in duodenum, are used to study the changes of digestion in rumen and chyme in duodenum when fed with powdery(Stage Ⅰ) and granular (Stage Ⅱ) concentrated feeds.In the two stages, the intake amounts of dry material(g·d-1) are 4 559.00±59.23 and 5 147.00±173.78 respectively, the ratio of acetic and propoinic acid are 2.56±0.03 and 3.06±0.04 respectively, both showing significant defferences (P<0.01).The capacities of chyme entering duodenum in the two stages (g·d-1) are 47 989.00±1 741.00 and 59 184.00±384.00 respectively, also showing significant defference(P<0.05).The results indicate that granular concentrated feed can increase the amount of feed intake of ruminants, promote the dischargement of abosam, enhance the volume of chyme entry into duodenum, and change the yeast type in rumen, increase the ratio of acid and propoinic acid. Therefore,the mechanical and chemical metabolism in rumen is improved, the utilization ratio of forage is certainly increased.