我国北方小豆地方品种资源研究 Ⅶ 北京生态条件下农艺性状的遗传表现及相关分析

Study on Adzuki Bean Variety Sources of North China

由来自我国北方8省(市)177份小豆种质资源组成一个随机样本,在北京地区生态条件下对其14个农艺性状的遗传参数及相关性进行了分析。结果表明:(1)所研究的14个农艺性状品种间都呈显著或极显著遗传差异;(2)性状间遗传力大小顺序:生育前期和全生育期>百粒重>单株荚数和株高>单株产量和主茎节数>主茎分枝数和荚长>顶蔓及单荚粒数、荚宽、生育后期和有效分枝始节;(3)该小豆地方品种群体各农艺性状在北京地区表现的遗传变异度不同,利用本群体进行新品种选育时,应考虑各农艺性状的表现特点和遗传潜力的大小;(4)农艺性状间存在一定的相关性,而单株产量与百粒重间无显著相关,可看成两个相对独立的性状,在北京地区进行系统选育时,可望获得既高产又大粒的新品种。

A random sample was formed by 177 adzuki bean variety sources coming from eight northern provinces or cities in China, and it was studied on genetic parameters and correlation analysis of 14 agronomic characters in Beijing entironment. The results showed : (1) There was a remarkable or extremely remarkable variance among the varieties on each of the studied 14 agronomic characters. (2) The results of research on heritability of the characters were as following; days of prefertility period and days of all fertility period > 100-grain weight > pod numbers per plant and plant height > yields per plant and node numbers of main stem > branch numbers of main stem and length of pod >tip-ten-driKseed numbers per pod,width of pod,days of post-fertility period and nodes of first variable branch. (3) In this population ,the degrees of genetic variation of every agronomy characters were different. The expressional characteristics and the value of genetic potential of each agronomic character should be considered while selecting new variety by this population. (4)The correlation was exhibited between the agronomic characters. Moreover, the correlation between the yields per plant and 100-grain weight was not remarkable. The two agronomic characters can be considered as independent ones. It is hopeful to obtain the varieties which are both high yield and big seed by systemic breeding in Beijing.