建筑设计对住宅热状况的影响研究——北京市住宅夏季室温调查分析(2)

Impacts of architectural design on thermal performances of residential buildings

根据 1 999年夏季北京市居民住宅的室温实测数据 ,通过分析比较整个测试期内不同房间室温曲线变化的差异 ,定量研究分析了建筑设计所确定的房间楼层位置、建筑外围护结构及建筑平面布局等因素对住宅室内热状况的影响程度。研究结果表明 :建筑外围护结构良好的保温隔热性能及合理的建筑平面布局是改善住宅室内热状况的关键。

By comparing indoor temperature patterns measured in different residences without air conditioners in Beijing in the summer of 1999, investigates to what extent architectural design influences indoor climates of residential buildings and identifies the relative level of importance for each decision in architectural design which include the number of floor the room locates, insulation of external walls and roofs, window shading, location of fenestration and floor plans. Results show that blockage of solar radiation by insulation of external walls and roofs, by window shading and by proper location of fenestration can substantially improve indoor thermal environment. Results also indicate that good natural ventilation by proper design of floor plans also plays an important role in improving thermal performances of residential buildings.