土壤重金属污染的治理途径及其研究进展

Reused Path of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soils and its Research Advance

由于工业"三废"的排放,使农田遭受不同程度重金属的污染,重金属通过在作物体内富集进入食物链,对人畜健康构成了威胁.文章对土壤重金属的污染现状、治理途径及其原理、优缺点、可行性作了简要的回顾,对土壤重金属污染植物修复技术类型、原理、特点以及基因工程等现代生物技术在镉污染植物修复技术中的应用前景作了进一步的展望,为实现对重金属污染土壤进行有效的生态整治与安全高效益的利用提供了新的技术途径.

Heavy metal contamination of agricultural soils as a result of industrial discharge is a serious threat to human and animals′ health because of bioaccumulation in the food chain. Current status of heavy metal pollution, remedial mechanisms, advantages and disadvantages of different methods, and feasibility of application are reviewed in this article. In addition, principle, characteristics and new biotechnological methods involving genetic engineering used in phytoremediation of soils contaminated by heavy metal and future prospect are discussed in details. The alternative methods provide novel approaches to restore the polluted ecological systems using highly efficient techniques.