18种杂草对重金属的超积累特性研究

Characteristics of 18 Species of Weed Hyperaccumulating Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils

针对目前植物修复中Cd Cu Zn Pb复合污染的超富集植物缺乏研究,采用小区试验方法,对东北沈阳地区9科18种田间杂草植物进行其积累特性的初步研究.结果表明:狼把草(Bidenstripartite)、龙葵(Solanumnigrum)地上部Cd和Zn的富集系数均大于1,且地上部Cd和Zn的含量大于根部Cd和Zn的含量,具备了重金属超富集植物的基本特征.杂草植物地上部重金属含量与植物地上部生物量的相关分析表明,这些植物对重金属的积累量与植物地上部生物量的大小无关,它们对重金属污染土壤修复具有重要意义.

Hyperaccumulative characteristics of heavy metals for 18 species of weed in 9 families were systematically examined using the block method in order to fill a gap in the field of hyperaccumulative plants which can remedy combined pollution of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in soils. The results showed that the bioaccumulation coefficient of cadmium and zinc in aboveground parts of Bidens tripartite and Solanum nigrum was not less than 1 respectively, and the concentration of Cd and Zn in aboveground parts was higher than that in roots, denoting basic characteristics of hyperaccumulators. Concentrations of heavy metals in aboveground parts were not correlated with their biomass, which indicated important significance in remediation of contaminated soils by heavy metals.