提高针织物活性染料染色质量的工艺探讨

A Research on the High Quailty Dyeing Technology for Knitted Fabrics Using Reactive Dyes

针织物活性染料的染色质量与染整加工的全过程密切相关。针织物传统的前处理一般采用烧碱、双氧水等多种助剂 ,该工艺坯布对烧碱的吸收既快又不均匀 ,易产生色花。改为快速氧漂前处理工艺 ,织物漂白均匀 ,避免了因吸碱不匀而造成的色差染疵 ,除杂效果好、手感柔软、不易产生针洞。在染色过程中 ,选用配有大功率循环泵的染色机 ,既利于提高坯布运转速度 ,又强制染液快速流过纤维界面 ;选用中性电解质为 70 %～ 80 % ,染料移染指数大于 90 % ,匀染因子大于70 % ,达到最后固色率一半所需时间大于 10min的染料 ;同时采用低温预加碱的染色工艺。由此 ,可获得高质量的活性染料染色产品。

The dyeing quality of reactive dyes to knitted fabrics is close related to the whole dyeing process.The traditional pre-treatment is to apply caustic soda,hydrogen peroxide and other auxiliaries,in which the loom-state fabric absorbs the caustic soda not only too fast but also heterogeneously and color spots occur easily.If the oxygen bleaching is applied in pretreatment process,however,the fabric bleaching appears uniform,the color defects due to the uneven absorption of caustic soda can be avoided,the cleaning effect is good,the fabric is soft and it is not easy to lead to needle holes.In the dyeing process,the application of dyeing machine with big power circulating pump is favorable for improving the running rate of loom-state fabric and enforcing the dye liquor to flow over the fiber surface.The actual dyeing process should be:70%～80%neutral electrolyte,migration index of the dye more than 90%,levelness index more than 70% and the time when the fixation yield reaches half of the final fixation yield more than 10 minutes.The soda should be added in advance under low temperature.By taking the above-mentioned measures,high quality dyeing effect will be resulted.