广州市菜园土主要蔬菜重金属背景含量的研究

Studies on the background levels of heavy metals in major vegetables in Guangzhou vegetable garden soils

研究了广州市几个主要的蔬菜生产基地种植的白菜、芥蓝、芥菜、菜薹、萝卜、大白菜、豆瓣菜、结球甘蓝、芹菜、菜豆、豌豆、结球莴苣、尖叶莴苣、菠菜、番茄等15种蔬菜中Pb、Hg、Cd、Cr和As等5种重金属的背景质量分数。其背景质量分数为:Pb 0.002~0.148 mg/kg;Hg ND^0.006 mg/kg;Cd 0.001~0.034 mg/kg;Cr 0.002~0.150 mg/kg;As 0.001~0.070 mg/kg。由于不同种类蔬菜的吸收特性和遗传特性有所不同,其重金属背景质量分数也有很大差异。蔬菜中元素水平还与土壤条件等因素有关。

Based on the investigation of background levels of heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium and arsenic) in Guangzhou vegetable garden soils and in some popular vegetables, the contents of the five elements in pakchoi, chinese kale, leaf mustard, flowering chinese cabbage, turnip, chinese cabbage, watercress, head cabbage, celery, kidney been, pea, head lettuce, longleaf lettuce, spinach and tomato were detected. With manifold analytical method, we had done some comparison among different vegetables. The content ranges of the five elements in 15 vegetables are as follows (fresh mass): Pb 0.002~0.148 mg/kg, Hg ND^0.006 mg/kg, Cd 0.001~0.034 mg/kg, Cr 0.002~0.150 mg/kg, As 0.001~0.070 mg/kg. The results showed that the background levels of Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr and As in various vegetables have something to do with the discrepancy of vegetable species as well as with the discrepancy of soil condition in Guangzhou vegetable garden soils.