论认知语言学对意义与认知的研究

Studies on Meaning and Cognition in Cognitive Linguistics

认知语言学认为语言表达的意义是心理性的 ,语义是从语言表达到认知结构的映现 ,语言是认知结构的组成部分 ,而不是独立实体。认知语言学关于语言意义的六个原则对于语义研究具有重要的指导作用。认知语言学运用认知科学方法以及统计分析的方法研究认知与意义的有关问题 ,如经验和思维在语言中的作用、语言使用者对修辞语言如隐喻、反话、习语等的理解。认知语言学的意义表征研究正在向计算机化的模式发展 ,意义表征模式的研究具有重要的应用价值。本文最后提出认知语言学研究应该理论与实证并重 ,以跨学科的交叉研究为发展方向。

In cognitive linguistics, language expressions are thought to be mental and meaning is the mapping of language expression to cognitive structure. Cognitive linguists claim that language is the component of cognitive structure rather than an independent entity. Six tenets proposed in cognitive semantics can be conceived of as the important guideline for the studies of meaning of language. The methodologies of cognitive sciences and statistic techniques are commonly utilized by cognitive linguists in their studies on the relevant areas of meaning and cognition such as embodiment and thinking in language performance, comprehension of metaphor, idioms. The studies on the mental representation of language meaning are going ahead toward the computerized models. Modeling the representation of language meaning is crucial in practical applications. The article proposes that integrating theories with empirical researches and conducting the interdisciplinary studies on meaning and cognition represent developing direction of cognitive linguistics in the future.