摩托车尾气对小鼠毒性作用的实验研究

TOXICITY STUDY OF THE MOTORBIKE EXHAUST IN MICE

目的 :了解摩托车使用无铅汽油后其尾气的毒性作用。方法 :选用 4 0只健康昆明种成年小鼠 ,体重 2 4 .6～ 36 .3g ,平均体重为 (30 .5 0± 5 .12 ) g ,随机分为 4组 ,染毒组分将摩托车尾气吸收液按 1∶2 ,1∶4 ,1∶16进行稀释后进行灌胃染毒 ,溶剂对照组用二甲基亚砜 (DMSO)按 1∶2用蒸馏水稀释后进行灌胃 ,每天 1次 ,每周 5d ,共计 4 0d。测定小鼠体内谷胱甘肽 (GSH)含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH -Px)活性以及骨髓微核、精子畸形率的变化。结果 :摩托车尾气染毒各组可致全血及肝组织匀浆中GSH含量及GSH -Px活性降低 ,高浓度时表现更为明显 ,与对照组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核及精子畸变率增高 ,存在剂量 -效应关系 ,高浓度组与对照组比较明显增高 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :本实验结果显示摩托车使用无铅汽油其尾气对实验小鼠具有明显的毒性作用。

Objective:To research the toxicity of motorbike exhaust using lead-free gasoline.Methods:40 mice were distributed in four groups randomly and administrated by gavage with the absor bent solution motorbike exhaust deluted by distilled water in 1∶2, 1∶4,1∶16, and DMSO deluted by distilled water in 1∶2 only one time every day for 40 days. The changes of the content of glutathione (GSH) and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)in blood and liver cytoplasm and the effects of the marrow micronucleus and semina deformity rate in mice were detected.Results:The GSH and the activity of GSH-Px in whole blood and liver cytoplasm were decreased significantly in the highest dose group compared with the control group ( P <0.05).The marrow PCE micronucleus and semina deformity rates were higher siginificantly than the control group( P <0.05). Conclusion:The motorbike exhaust using lead-free gasoline had the genotoxicity.