准东地区3所小学儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的调查分析

Investigation of children attention deficit hyperactivity disorder at three school in Zhundong

目的 探讨准东地区注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿与正常儿童在家庭环境、社会适应能力及行为心理方面的异同。方法 采用自制问卷对80例多动患儿和100例正常儿童进行调查,内容包括3方面15项。结果ADHD患儿神经精神疾病阳性家族史与正常儿童间差别有显著性意义(P<0.05);ADHD组家长以打骂,训斥为主的教育方式与正常儿童间差别有显著性意义;在伴随攻击行为、精神紧张方面,ADHD组儿童与正常儿童间差别有显著性意义。结论 家族阳性神经精神病史,父母教养不当、社会适应能力欠佳、行为心理问题较多等与多动障碍相关,并在该症的发病过程中起重要作用,应引起重视。

Objective To explore the difference of family, social adaptability and individual behavior between children with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and normal children. Methods The questionnaire investigation was undertaken in 80 cases with ADHD and 100 normal children. A total of 15 questions of three items were involved in the questionnaire. Results The results showed that the family environment was similar either sick or normal children. The occurrence of mental diseases was more often seen in the families with sick children. At the family education, the parents with sick children u-sually educated their child in away of rebuke and strike. At the social adaptability, the sick children were usually difficult to know new friends and felt solitude frequently. At the individual behavior, the sick children usually manifested laking attention, aggressive behavior and lensional emotion. Conclusion It is suggested that many factors can correlate closely with ADHD, including the familial history of the mental diseases, the improper way of the family education, and the weakness of the social a-daptability and some problems of the behavioral psychology in sick children. These factors play probably an important role for the onset of the disease. It will be necessary to pay attention to these factors in the children with ADHD.