意识形态与20世纪中国翻译文学史(1899-1979)

Ideology and the History of Literary Translation in 20th Century China

本文从勒弗菲尔、赫曼斯、本雅明的理论假说出发,尝试梳理中国近150年的意识形态,考察意识形态对20世纪、尤其是对其前半期中国翻译文学史的影响和操控。本文在对若干重要译家个案翻译研究基础上,提出几个翻译模式,尝试从宏观角度检视意识形态在不同时期的演变对翻译所产生的影响,分析并解释一个最具代表性的翻译模式,以及中国因了翻译事实而形成与世界各国的翻译关系。本文认为这个翻译关系可以折射国与国之间在政治、文化、文学、话语权方面的现实关系和历史关系。

Starting from the hypotheses of Lefevere, Hermans and Benjamin, this paper examines the ideological developments in China over the past 150 years, focusing in particular on the impact and manipulation of ideology in regard to translated literature in China, particularly in the first half of the 20th century. The paper takes case studies of leading writers and translators as a basis for the discussion, proposing a number of different translation models. It then attempts to assess what impact ideology exerted upon translation in China in different periods, analysing in detail one representative translation model, and explaining the 'translation relations' which formed between China and different countries as a result of the actual practice of translation. The paper argues that these translation relations can reflect the actual and historical relations between countries in respect of politics, culture, literature and the exercise of the power of discourse.