生长激素对蛋白质动态代谢与氨基酸利用的调控

The Regulation of Protein Dynamic Metabolism and Amino Acid Utillization by Growth Hormone

生长激素是调节动物生长的众多激素中最重要的一种 ,它通过在肌肉与脂肪组织之间极强的营养重分配作用 ,增加体蛋白沉积 ,减少脂肪沉积 ,从而改变这两种组织的生长状况来实现其促生长功能。动物体内蛋白沉积是蛋白合成与降解同时进行的两个过程动态平衡的结果。本文综述了近年来有关生长激素对动物蛋白质动态代谢与氨基酸利用调控方面的研究结果 ,指出生长激素使蛋白质合成与降解速率均增加 ,整体蛋白质周转代谢强度加大 ,从而导致蛋白质沉积增加。

Growth Hormone is the most important one of all hormones to regulate the growth of animal, which plays its role of nutrients partitioning by making protein accretion increased and fat accretion decreased to improve the growth of animal. The protein accretion is a net result of the two dynamical metabolism processes of protein synthesis and breakdown in animal. Studies about protein dynamic metabolism and amino acid utilization regulated by Growth Hormone are reviewed. Growth Hormone increases the protein aceretion rate by increasing both the protein synthetic rate and the protein breakdown rate and improving the whole-body protein turnover rate.