酒精导致股骨头缺血性坏死早期变化实验研究

An Experimental Study on the Early Changes of Alcohol-Induced Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head

目的 :本研究采用灌胃法 ,模拟酒精性股骨头缺血性坏死 (ANFH)的动物模型 ,观察实验动物灌酒一系列变化 ,以探讨其发病机理。方法 :纯种兔 4 5只 ,随机分成实验组、对照组。两组动物于实验不同时期分批处死。分别拍 X线片 ,核素骨扫描。取股骨头标本 ,行钼靶 X线照像及组织学检查。结果 :1放射性核素骨扫描变化 :3、6个月实验组股骨头、干摄取放射性核素比值比对照组明显降低 (P<0 .0 5 )。 2钼靶 X线检查 :6个月两组比较头、颈血管数即密度明显减少 /降低。 3组织学变化 :骨髓内脂肪物质增多 ,脂肪细胞增大 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,造血组织减少。骨小梁稀疏 ,骨细胞脂肪变性 ,空骨陷窝计数升高。结论 :采用烈酒灌胃法复制出早期股骨头缺血性坏死动物模型 ,可导致 :1髓内脂肪细 S胞增大 ;2股骨头骨细胞脂肪变性 ;3股骨头内微循环的改变。在这些因素的综合作用下 ,股骨头的血液灌注量减少 ,缺血、缺氧 ,最终出现股骨头缺血性坏死。

Objective:To study the early pathological changes of alcohol-induced avascualr necrosis of the femoral head.Methods:In this study fifty-five New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. By pouring a high dose of strong wine into stomach,an alcohol-induced ANFH model was made. Each animal was taken an anterior and-posterior hip roentgenography and examined by radioactive nuclide bone scan. The samples of femoral head were decalcified and taken soft X-ray graphy. We observe the histological changes of those specimens by using optical microscope.Results:①The changes of the radioactive nuclear bone scan: Compared with the control group, the ratio between femoral head and femur (H/F) of the experimental group obviously reduced (P<0.05).②The changes of vessel: The density of contrast-medium and number of vessels decreased at the 6th month.③The histological changes of femoral head: The experimental pathological changes mainly were focused on the subchondral region of the femoral head. The average diameter of the fat cell enlarged obviously. The trabeculae became thin and sparse. The nucleus was compressed to one side of osteocyte and became pyknosis. The percentage of empty osteocyte lacuna elevated.Conclusions:From the result of the study, we could draw conclusion that disorder of lipid metabolism,fat deposit of osteocyte in femoral head,decreased vessels supplying the femoral head may play important roles in the pathogenesis of ANFH.