社会支持与在校大学生心理状态的关系

The relationship between social supports and mental states in college students

目的:探讨大学生心理问题与社会支持的关系。方法:分别从新乡市3所高校随机抽取607名大学生为研究对象,用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对每一研究对象进行评定;SCL-90各因子中有一项或一项以上≥2分者为有心理问题组(n=91),<2分者为无心理问题组(n=516);比较两组间症状自评量表各因子得分和社会支持量表各因子得分情况。结果:在607名研究对象中,有明显心理症状者91名(15%);有心理问题组SCL-90各因子中躯体化(1.7±0.6)、强迫(2.5±0.9)、焦虑(2.1±0.7)、人际关系项(2.1±0.7)得分分别明显高于无心理问题组(t=1.93,2.44,1.96,2.37,P<0.05);有心理问题组社会支持量表中的主观支持(2.4±3.1)和利用度(1.3±2.0)分别明显低于无心理问题组(t=2.74,2.21,P<0.05);有心理问题组中女大学生抑郁情绪(2.7±0.5)比男生(1.9±0.7)严重,其主观支持(2.7±1.3)也明显低于男生(1.7±0.9)(P<0.05)。结论:社会支持系统与大学生心理问题的形成有关,其中主观支持及对社会支持的利用度与大学生心理问题形成的关系更为密切。

AIM:To inv es tigate the relationship bet ween mental problems of college students and social supports.METHODS:The mental states of 607college students from three colleg es in Xinxiang city were assessed by sympt om check list 90(SCL-90).Two groups were divided by the factor scores of SCL-90(mental problems group,n =91;without mental problems group,n=516).The factor scores of SCL-9 0and social support scale were compared b etween two groups respectively.RESUL TS:Ninety-one students had evident men tal problems in all subjects(15%) .The mental problems group had higher factor scores of somatization(1.7±0 .6),obsessive-compulsion(2.5±0.9),anxiety(2.1±0.7)and in terpersonal sensitivity(2.1±0.7)than those without mental problems gro up(t=1.93,2.44,1.96and 2.37,P<0.05).The mental probl ems group had lower factor scores of subj ective support(6.4±3.1)and u tilization(1.3±2.0)than those without mental problems g roup(t=2.7 4and 2.21,P<0.05).In the mental problems group ,females had more d epressive emotion than males,while had less su bjective support(2.7±1.3 )than males(1.7±0.9)(t=2.17and 2.47,P<0.05).CONCLUSI ON:Social support system is involved in the development of mental problems of c ollege students,and subjective support and utiliza tion of social support have more intimate re lationship.