不同年份小麦覆膜播种后群体与产量比较研究

The comparison on yield and population of winter wheat between bunching with film and drilling without film in different years

连续3年对2个类型冬小麦品种进行了覆盖地膜穴播和露地条播比较研究,结果表明,在基本苗相同的条件下,覆膜后多穗型和大穗型品种成穗数分别比对照提高76万和110万/hm2,穗粒数分别提高4.5和4.0,千粒重分别降低0.3和2.6g,产量分别增加1331.6和1124.5kg/hm2,降水利用效率分别提高22.1%和26.6%;地膜显著的增温作用,使地膜小麦阶段发育持续时间发生了变化,生育期比露地缩短8～14d;在地膜小麦生产中,应优先选用中矮杆多穗型品种。

Through comparison on two kinds of big and more heads wheat varieties between bunching with film and drilling without film (CK) in three different years,it showed that,under the same basic population,the heads of the more ears and big ears varieties were more 760 000 and 1 100 000/hm2 than CK respectively;the number of grains per ear of them were more 4.5 and 4.0 than CK respectively;the thousands kernel weight of them were less 0.3 and 2.6 than CK respectively;the yield of them increased 1 331.6 and 1 124.5 kg/hm2 respectively;the rainfall efficiency of them increased 22.1% and 26.6% respectively.Due to higher temperature by covering film,the duration of different growth and development period changed remarkable and was less 8-14 days than CK.The more ears and middle or shortstalked varieties should be selected at first in the filmmulching wheat.