“生态优先”森林经营思想之我见

Discussion on forest management thought of “ecology priority”

回顾了森林经营思想发展演变的历史及"生态优先"经营思想提出的背景;阐述了"生态优先"的理论基础是可持续发展理论、生态经济理论及复合生态系统理论,其实质是在充分发挥森林生态效益的前提下,进行资源的培育、保护和利用,将"生态优先"贯穿于经营管理的全过程;分析了实施"生态优先"思想存在的一些矛盾;最后指出了实施"生态优先"经营思想的实践途径包括:(1)增强全民的生态环境意识,(2)重视生态规划、合理利用森林资源,(3)建立森林生态环境预警系统,(4)合理利用市场机制与政府职能,(5)建立森林生态效益补偿基金制度。

Based on reviewing the developing history and the background of ecological priority thought of forest management,the fundamental theory of 'ecological priority thought' was expounded,which is sustainable development,ecoeconomy and complex ecological system theory.The essence of ecological priority thought is to give full play to forest ecological benefit as a prerequisite to cultivat,protect and utilize forest resources.Some exiting contradictions in implementing the thought were discussed,and a certain number of practical ways of implementing the thought were also put forward:(1) improving ecoenvironmental consciousness of all the people,(2) attaching importance to ecological planning and utilizing forest resources rationally,(3) setting up early warning system of forest ecoenvironment,(4) taking advantage of market mechanism and government function rationally,and (5) establishing forest ecological benefit compensation fund system.