河北省农药中毒现状与预防对策研究

STUDY ON PREVENTING MEASURES ABOUT THE PESTICIDES POISONING IN HEBEI PROVINCE

目的全面掌握全省农村农药中毒的危害现状,为农村农药中毒预防控制提供依据。方法 由卫生防疫机构专业人员根据省内各级医院的农药中毒病例,填写统一制作的农药中毒报告卡,按规定时间逐级上报省疾病预防控制中心。结果 1997～2002年全省共报告农村农药中毒4 895人,其中死亡256人,病死率为5.23％;1997年以后农药中毒呈下降趋势,生产性中毒下降趋势较为明显,非生产性中毒值得注意;非生产性农药中毒性别之比为男:女=1:1.6;生产性和非生产性中毒以30～岁年龄组最高,因中毒死亡主要集中在30～和50～年龄组;农药中毒共涉及7大类20余个农药品种,以高毒有机磷类农药中毒为主,杀鼠剂中毒成为农药中毒的第二杀手,占中毒人数的4.98％。结论 农药中毒得到了有效控制,但非生产性中毒应引起重视,杀鼠剂中毒成为新问题,青壮年和女性是主要受害者,各部门应齐抓共管,继续做好农药中毒防治工作。

Objective To know well about the pesticides poisoning in countryside (FCPC)in Hebei province, and to provide the basis for FCPC 's preventing. Methods A series of data tables were designed specially for FCPC, were filled by some specialist from every branch of disease preventing organizations in the province, and were gathered by Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control. Results During 1997 to 2002 there were about 4 895 FCPC cases being reported in the province, and there were about 256(5.23%) died cases in them. Although the annual cases decreased year by year after 1997, and the operational cases in them decreased even much more, but the unoperational cases became mere evidently than ever before. In the unoperational cases the ratio between males and females was about 1:1.6. In the 4 895 FCPC cases, the age group 30-39 was the largest one, the died cases was mostly crowded in the age group 30-39 and the age group 50-60. It is about 7 categories and more than 20 kinds of pesticides caused the 4 895 FCPC cases. And in the 4 895 FCPC cases, the most important pesticides were organophosphorus pesticides, and the next one were raticides which caused about 4.98% cases. Conclusion Although the FCPC have been controlled effectively, the unoperational poisoning must be attached more importence to, and raticides poisoning have become a new problem of FCPC. The people in working age and the females must pay more attention to, the FCPC preventing must be strengthened further more as well.