平衡仪治疗前后注意缺陷多动障碍患儿认知功能改善的初步观察

Effect of Balance Master therapy on cognitive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的 探讨平衡仪治疗 2 0次对注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD)患儿认知功能的影响。方法 采用Neurocom公司生产的BalanceMaster平衡仪 ,对 2 0例符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版诊断标准、年龄在 10～ 15岁的ADHD患儿进行治疗 ,于治疗前后测试韦氏记忆量表、中国韦氏儿童智力量表 (C WISC)、数字划消、持续操作性测试 (CPT)、动态学习能力测试 (DLM)等项。结果 治疗后 ,患儿韦氏记忆量表的短时记忆 [(6 2± 7)分 ]和记忆商分值 [(10 4± 10 )分 ]以及C WISC中注意 /不分心因子分 [(10 9± 14 )分 ]均高于治疗前 [分别为 (5 7± 8)分、(98± 10 )分和 (10 0± 15 )分 ],差异具有非常显著性 (P <0 0 1) ;在数字划消测试中 ,第一段的净分 (36分 )高于治疗前 (32分 ) ,失误率下降(治疗前后分别为 12 %和 8% ;P <0 0 1) ;CPT测试中的错误率有所下降 ,但差异未达显著性 (P =0 0 8) ,平均反应时及正确率无明显变化 ;在DLM测试中 ,总错误数 (41个 )低于治疗前 (15 7个 ;P <0 0 0 1) ,操作分类 (2级 )高于治疗前 (3级 ;P <0 0 0 1)。结论 平衡仪治疗对改善儿童认知功能有一定疗效 ,特别是在提高注意力、记忆力及冲动控制等方面的疗效较好。

Objective To study the effect of Balance Master therapy on cognitive function in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods Twenty cases diagnosed according to the of DSM-IV criteria for ADHD, with an age range from 10 to 15 years, were given Balance Master treatment for 20 times. The cognitive functioning was measured with the C-WISC-R, WMS, Number Cancellation Test, Continuous Performance Test (CPT), Dynamic Leaning Test before and after treatment. Results The WMS short-term memory and Memory Quotient score were improved after treatment ( P< 0.01), and so did the Free from Distractibility Factor score of C-WISC-R ( P< 0.001). The CPT Error Rate decreased, but was not significant ( P = 0.08), Reaction Time and Correct Rate unchanged. In the first segment of Number Cancellation Test, total false number was decreased and DLM classification score improved ( P< 0.001). Conclusion Balance Master therapy can improve cognitive function of ADHD children, especially in their concentration, memory, impulsive control ability.