奶牛早期胚胎死亡的因素分析及防制措施

Analyzing Factors and Preventing Measures of Early Embryonic Mortality in the Cattle

奶牛妊娠失败主要发生在配种后的40d,染色体异常和激素失调等内源性因素和热应激、营养等环境因子,均是引起胚胎死亡的原因。激素治疗,提高P4的浓度或补充bTP—1,在一定程度上可以提高奶牛的妊娠率,改善公母畜的饲养管理条件,满足家畜对维生素及微量元素的需要,并保证优良条件,以提高配子的质量,使早期胚胎得到正常的发育。本文从早期胚胎发育、母胎识别、影响胚胎死亡率的因素及预防、治疗等方面进行综述。

Pregnant loss in cattle mainly presents in the first forty days after breeding. Endogenous factors such as chromosomal abnormalities and hormonal imbalances, as well as exogenous causes such as heat stress and nutrition and diseases are considered to be the causes of embryonic mortality. Hormonal treatments, for example, increasing progesterone concentration and supplementing the bTP-1, may improve pregnancy rates in some degree. To increase the quality of the gametes and make the early embryo normally developing, the conditions of breeding and management should be improved and the cattle's requirements of vitamins and minerals should be satisfied. We will review some aspects of early embryo development and maternal recognition of pregnancy as well as some of the factors that affect embryonic survival and prevention and treatment of some diseases.