绿化植物受大气SO_2、铅复合污染伤害特征及抗性表现

Acute responses of some plants upon combined pollution of sulfur dioxide and lead

大气污染是人类面临的环境危机之一,依据植物对大气污染的反应方式来选择城市绿化树种是减轻大气污染物的重要途径和手段。通过观察污染地区绿化树种叶片的受害症状来判断植物对SO2、铅复合污染物的抗性程度,根据植物对SO2、铅复合污染物的反应特性划分植物对大气污染物的抗性等级,从而筛选出对SO2、铅复合污染物的抗性植物种类和敏感监测植物种类,研究结果表明,抗性树种有:花曲柳、桑树、皂角、山桃、黄檗、臭椿、紫丁香、忍冬、柽柳、桧柏、枸杞、水蜡、刺槐、色赤杨、加拿大杨、黄刺枚、玫瑰、白榆、茶条槭;敏感监测树种有:连翘、榆叶梅、锦带花、风箱果、云杉、油松、樟子松、山槐。此研究结果可为绿化植物的合理选用提供依据。

Air pollution is one of environmental crisis that human beings faced. To select species of urban planting trees according to reaction mode of plants upon air pollutants is a very important approach and means to reduce air pollutants. The resistant degrees of plants upon combined pollution of sulfur dioxide and lead are estimated by damage symptom observation of leaves in pollution area. The resistant grades of plants upon air pollutants are determined according to plant reaction characteristics. Finally, the species of resistant plants and sensitive monitoring plant are screen out. The results shows that the resistant plants include Fraxinus rhyncho-phylla, Moms alba, Gleditsia japonica, Primus davidiana, Phellodendron amurense, Ailanthus altissima, Sy-ringa meyeri, Lonicera japonica, Tamarix chinensis, Sabina chinensis, Lycium chinense, Ligustrum obtusifo-lium, Robinia pseudoacacia, Alnus tinctoria, Populus × canadensis, Rosa xantina, Rosa rugosa, Ulmus pum-ila, Acer ginnala, and the sensitive monitoring plants include Forsythia suspense, Primus trilonba, Weigela florida, Physocarpus amurensis,, Picea koraiensis, Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus sylvestris, Maackia amurensis. These results offer important references for reasonable selection of planting trees.