背景亮度及眩光对夜航船舶避碰的影响

Influence of background brightness and dazzle on collision avoidance of night navigation ships

从一起船舶碰撞事故的教训出发,分别利用亮度对比度、可见度水平的计算公式和格拉斯曼的颜色混合定律分析了亮度对比度和颜色对比度对船舶号灯可识别性的影响;同时,分析了眩光对船舶驾驶人员视力的影响,并介绍了目前世界上比较统一的眩光评价模型.在此基础上,结合航海实践及教学研究经验,对现行《国际海上避碰规则》提出了减小与防范这种影响的措施与建议.

According to the lesson of an accident of ships' collision, the influence of brightness contrast and color contrast on the identifiability of ship lights has been analyzed using the evaluating formula of brightness contrast, visibility level and H.Grassmann color mixing law; At the same time, the influence of dazzle on navigator's sight has been analyzed, and the current united evaluation model of dazzle in the world has been introduced. Based on all these analysis, and combined with teaching experience and navigation practice, and the measures and suggestions to the current INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA for the reduction and prevention of this kind of influence have been put forward.