唐代诗歌中的长安过年风俗及文化述论

Customs and Cultural Activities in Chang'an at Poetry in the Tang Dynasty during the Spring Festival

据《全唐诗》《岁华纪丽》记载,唐代过年期间的主要节日有岁除日、元日、人日、上元日、晦日,主要的文化活动有岁除夜守岁、元日朝会、人日戴胜、上元夜观灯、晦日的赏春与祓禊。细读唐代过年节日相关诗文的文本,了解唐代过年风俗及主要文化活动,可知这些文化活动既是唐代人们共同的文化追求,又代表了唐代文化潮流,是综合了那个时代人们意识的精华,代表了当时精神文明的发展程度。

Recorded in Quan Tang Shi(in Chinese pinyin)and Sui Hua Ji Li(in Chinese pinyin),the main festivals during the Chinese Spring Festival included the Chinese New Year's Eve on the last day of the 12th lunar month,the Yuan Ri Festival on the 1st day of the first lunar month,the Ren Ri Festival on the 7th day of the first lunar month,the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first lunar month,and the Hui Ri Festival on the last day of the first lunar month.The celebrations for these cultural activities were as follows:staying up late or all night on New Year's eve,attending a morning meeting on the 1st day of the first lunar month,wearing eurasian hoopoes on the 7th day of the first lunar month,watching lanterns on the 15th day of the first lunar month,enjoying spring and holding a ritual for eliminating disasters and seeking happiness by the riverside on the last day of the first lunar month.Through the poems in the Tang Dynasty during the Chinese Spring Festival,the related customs and cultural activities are understood,it can be found that these cultural activities are not only the common cultural pursuit of people in the Tang Dynasty,represent the cultural trend in the Tang Dynasty,integrate the essence of the people's consciousness of that time,but also represent the development of the spiritual civilization of that time.