《五四指示》形成的原因探析

Analysis of the Reasons for the May 4^(th) Instructions

中共中央于1946年5月4日发布的《关于土地问题的指示》,史称《五四指示》,以替换抗战后减租减息的土地政策,实现耕者有其田。关于其形成的原因,学术界各抒己见。以史料为立论依据,究其原因主要有三:一是各根据地的实际情况;二是基于大革命失败的经验教训;三是农民的迫切要地愿望。

On May 4th,1946,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Instructions on Land Issues(hereinafter referred to as the May 4th Instructions)to replace the land policy of reducing rents and interest rates in China since the Anti-Japanese War,and to enable the farmers to own their farmland.There exist different opinions on its reasons in the academic circle.This article is based on the historical material,having found that there are three main reasons for this:first,the actual situation of each base area;second,the experience and lessons from the failure of the Great Revolution;the third,the farmers'urgent desire for land.