闽江下游历史上的洪涝灾害及未来防洪排涝问题

FLOOD DAMAGES IN HISTORY AND PROBLEMS ON FUTURE FLOOD PROTECTION IN THE LOWER REACHES OF THE MINJIANG RIVER

本文探讨了福建闽江下游地区历史上洪涝灾害的时空分布特征及其成因,讨论了未来海平面上升对防洪排涝的影响以及减轻洪涝威胁的一些相应对策与措施。

The lower reaches of the Minjiang River is an area of frequently-occurring flood and waterlogging in Fujian Province. According to incomplete statistics, in average there was 1 flood-damage year in every 4.4 years during the 150 years from 1834 to 1984. The floods took place mainly in the months from June to September, and the highest flood frequency was in July. The distribution of flood damages in history in the area and their formation are explored in this paper. The effects of future global sea level rise on flood control are discussed. Some countermeasures to lighten future flood damages in the area are put forward as follows: (1) To reinforce the existing flood control dykes. (2) To raise the base level of new building in lowland areas. (3) To control soil erosion in upper reaches of the river, and to remove the obstacles in the river course of the lower reaches. (4) To strengthen the system of flood forecast and heighten the people's consciousness of preventing disaster.