贵州秋风的时空分布规律及其对水稻产量的影响

Distribution Regulation of Time and Space of "Autumn Cooling" and its Effect on Rice Yield in Guizhou

利用1950～2002年贵州省84个县气象站的资料,对贵州秋风(秋季低温冷害)的时空分布规律及其对水稻生产的危害进行了分析。在全球气候变暖背景下,近30年来贵州8月份出现秋风的频率加大,程度加重,已成为全省水稻生产的主要气象灾害之一。以最严重的2002年为例,秋风使全省水稻减产了134万t。为此提出调整布局、培育抗低温品种、适时早播早栽、提高气候预测预警能力等防御措施。

The distribution regulation of time and space of 'autumn cooling'and its injury to rice yield are analyzed on the basis of the data from 84 county weather stations during 1950-2002 in Guizhou province. The low temperature in August is one of major meteorological disasters in rice production. For an example, the rice yield in 2002 reduced by 1. 34 million ton under low temperature in August. Therefore, the protective measures including adjusting arrangement of cropping, breeding variety with higher resistance to low temperature and early sowing and early transplanting are put forward.