澳大利亚开放大学的性质与运行机制探析及启示

Analysis and Enlightenment of Characteristics and Operation Mechanism of the Open Universities Australia

澳大利亚的远程教育发展已经有100多年的历史,可谓先驱者之一。其远程教育主要以双重模式、混合式为主,由传统的普通高校实施。在澳大利亚,没有国家专门建立的单一模式的开放大学,然而澳大利亚开放大学(OUA)以其独特的方式存在于高等教育环境中,从2016年起成为澳大利亚最大的纯在线教育机构。作为"开放大学",不具有颁发学位的资质,澳大利亚开放大学根据高等教育国家立法、教育培训部的规定,实施学校本身的机构设置等方面的运行,是我国开放远程教育发展的一个可借鉴的视角。

Distance education in Australia has a long history of more than 100 years,regarded as a pioneer in this area.Dual-model and blended delivery in traditional higher education institutions are the main features.There is no single Open University in Australia though,the Open Universities Australia is a special one in higher education environment,and has became the largest online higher education institution in Australia since 2016.Though called the Open Universities Australia,it can not issue higher education awards,and how does it operate?This article explores the nature and operation mechanism of the OUA from the aspect of the national law,regulations of the Ministry of Education and Training of the federal government and the OUA itself,with an aim of presenting its uniqueness and providing best practice for China.