天津机场高羊茅草坪建植稳定性以及与机场本地植物的竞争

Stability of Festuca arundinacea establishment and the competition with native plants in Tianjin Airport

为了探究高羊茅在机场草坪建植中的稳定性与可行性,利用高密度条播方法在天津滨海国际机场进行了高羊茅单一草坪建植.运用野外取样调查方法,通过对植物优势度和地上生物量增长率的分析,研究了高羊茅和本地植物的数量特征以及它们之间的竞争关系.结果表明:非建植区植物种类多达67种,草坪建植3 a后,在高羊茅建植区植物种类只有14种,隶属于9科14属,高羊茅为建群种,本地植物以禾本科和菊科为主.本地植物物种的密度、高度和频度均显著低于高羊茅的数值.生长季初期,本地植物生产效率较高,6月份后,本地植物地上生物量的增长速率均小于高羊茅的数值,生长缓慢,处于竞争劣势.这些结果说明高羊茅建植区有利于达到群落物种单一化,可以实现长期建植.

In order to explore the stability and feasibility of Festuca arundinacea in the establishment of airport lawn,the single turf of F.arundinacea was planted by high-density drill method in Tianjin Binhai International Airport.The quantitative characteristics and competitive relationship of F.arundinacea with native plants were studied through analysis of plant domi-nance and aboveground biomass growth rate by quadrat method.The results showed that there were 67 species of plants in non-planting areas,and only 14 species of plants existed in the establishment area of F.arundinacea after three years of turf planting,which belonged to 9 families and 14 genera.F.arundinacea was a constructive species,and Gramineae and Compositae were the main native plants.The density,height and frequency of native plant species were significantly lower than those of F.arundinacea.At the beginning of the growing season,the production efficiency of native plants was high.After June,the growth rate of aboveground biomass of native plants was lower than that of F.arundinacea,and the growth of native plants was slow,which was at a competitive disadvantage.These results indicated that the planting area of F.arundinacea was conducive to the monotony of community species and could realize long-term planting.