肿瘤中ERG基因的表达及其临床研究进展

Expression of ERG gene in tumor and its clinical research progress

ERG基因(ETS-related gene)属于E26转化特异性(EST)转录因子家族,在血管发育和生成、造血系统和软骨发育等各方面都具有重要的作用。近年来越来越多的研究发现,在一些肿瘤中出现ERG基因过表达,从而促进肿瘤细胞增殖和肿瘤血管生成,参与肿瘤的发生与发展,例如前列腺癌(PCa)、尤文肉瘤(EWS)、白血病等。但是ERG在这些肿瘤中的具体作用机制尚未完全明确。目前,将ERG应用于肿瘤的诊断和预后成为研究热点,一些以ERG及其下游信号通路、靶基因为治疗靶点的药物正在进行临床试验。本文就ERG基因在肿瘤中的表达、作用机制及临床应用进展等方面进行综述。

ETS-related gene(ERG) belongs to the E26 transformation-specific(EST) transcription factor family and plays an important role in the development and production of blood vessels, hematopoietic system and cartilage development.In recent years, more and more studies have found that ERG gene overexpression occurs in some tumors, thereby promoting tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis, and involving in the occurrence and development of tumors, such as prostate cancer(PCa), Ewing′s sarcoma(EWS), leukemia, cartilage tumors. However, the specific mechanism of the action of ERG in these tumors is not yet fully clear. At present, the application of ERG in the diagnosis and prognosis of tumors has become a research hotspot. Some drugs that target ERG and its downstream signaling pathways and target genes are in clinical trials.This article reviews the expression, mechanism of action and clinical application of ERG gene in tumors.