固定比例分担费用情况下信息共享的最优范围研究

The Study on Optimal Scope of Information Sharing under the Condition of Fixd Fraction Cost-sharing

信息共享是供应链管理成功的关键之一。本文通过建立模型,分别从制造商利润最大化、分销商利润最大化和社会福利最大化的角度,研究了在固定比例分担费用的情况下信息共享的最优范围。我们得到了以下结论:制造商单独建立信息共享系统具有明显的外部性,作为一个理性的制造商,它必定会将这种外部性收益内部化,即选择若干分销商一起来建立信息共享系统。在固定比例分担费用情况下,对制造商和社会福利而言,最优的信息共享范围为全体分销商,但对分销商而言,最优的信息共享范围随着共享费用F的增加而扩大,但总是小于n。因此,为了引导全体分销商参与信息共享,制造商与政府还需要采取一定的激励措施。

Information sharing is essential to the success of supply chain. Through building the model,the paper analyzes the optimal scope of information sharing under the condition of fixed fraction costsharing from the views of the manufactures maximum profit,the distributors maximum profit and maximum social welfare. We draw the following conclusions: The manufacture building the system of information sharing has obvious external economic. For a reasonable manufacture, he will internalize the benefits and choose some retails to build the system together. From the view of the manufacture and social welfare, the optimal scope of information sharing is in all distributors. However, the distributors optimal scope of information sharing grows with the cost of information sharing, and it is always smaller than the number of distributors. Thus, in order to induce the all distributors to share information in supply chain, the manufacture and the government must take some actions.