对《老子》的“哲学最高问题”的追问

Questioning Lao Tzu's "Philosophical Supreme Issues

本文从哲学基本问题的主要方面 ,即思维与存在“何者为第一性问题”的角度出发 ,一方面结合古代希腊的自然哲学对世界本原的界定 ,指出老子“道”的深刻含义是关于宇宙存在的根据 ,另一方面 ,分析老子对“道”的“本体论 (ontology)的设定 ,指出“道”的理解对于把握老子哲学方向、哲学立场以及《老子》哲学体系的性质和老子丰富的辩证法思想具有形而上的指导意义。

The paper analyzes Lao Tzu's philosophical category—Dao's profound implication and is great significance from main aspects of philosophical and basic issues,that is,which is the first issues,thought or existence.On the one hand,the present paper points out that Dao's profound implication is about existence itselfe and is“the knowledge of final reason”or“the knowledge of the first principle”combining the definition to the world of the natural philosoply of the ancient.Greece ,On the other hand,it has the metaphysical signifcance of Lao Tzu's definition to Tao's ontology to master lao Tzu's philosophy drection,the nature of Lao Tzu's philosophical system and his abundant dialectical thought.