低丘红壤花生南酸枣间作系统研究 V.水土保持

CHOEROSPONDIAS AXILLARIS AND PEANUT (ARCHIS HYPOGAEA) ALLEY CROPPING SYSTEMS ON UDIC FERROSOL IN SUBTROPICAL CHINA V. Soil and water conservation

降雨分配不均，特别是暴雨是造成低丘红壤水土流失的重要原因：红壤开垦农用后，地表径流减少，土壤侵蚀增加；减少水土流失并不是复合农林间作的内在属性，而取决于复合农林系统的管理措施。与南酸枣单作系统相比，花生系统地表径流减少50％～60％，土壤侵蚀增加247％～352％。与花生单作系统相比，5龄南酸枣花生间作和9龄南酸枣花生间作系统地表径流量分别减少21％和6％，土壤侵蚀量分别减少11％和23％。但是，就单位花生种植面积而言，花生南酸枣间作与花生单作处理之间水土流失并没有显著性差异。

Uneven distribution of rainfall in hilly red soil regions, especially rainstorm was one of the principal factors that cause soil and water losses on upland slope of Udic Ferrosol. Reclamation of the land decreased runoff but increased soil erosion. Decline in soil and water loss is not an intrinsic characteristic of an alley cropping system. It depends on how it is managed. Compared to what was in the sole Choerospondias axillaries system, runoff decreased by 50%~60% and soil erosion was increased by 247%~325% in the peanut system. Compared to what was in the peanut-only system, runoff was decreased by 21% and 6%, and soil erosion by 11% and 23%, respectively, in a 5-year-old and 9-year-old Choerospondias axillaris-peanut alley cropping systems. But there was no significant difference between the peanut-only system and the alley cropping system in terms of soil and water losses per unit area of peanut grown.