新型隔层错跨剪力墙高层结构体系抗震性能的试验研究与理论分析

Experimental and theoretical studies on seismic performance of the new skip-floor staggered shear wall structure for tall building

为研究钢筋混凝土新型隔层错跨剪力墙高层结构的抗震承载能力、变形能力、位移延性等抗震性能指标及其变形与破坏机制,首次进行新型隔层错跨剪力墙结构模型的低周反复加载抗震试验。对该新型剪力墙结构的受力全过程、试件破坏时各层墙板的裂缝分布、变形、承载能力、规律及机理进行研究。研究表明:新型隔层错跨剪力墙结构不但可以提供大的使用空间、减小自重、减小地震力、节省材料,且它的抗侧刚度和承载力要比传统框架-剪力墙结构大;相比传统框架-剪力墙结构,该剪力墙板的隔层错跨布置,在竖向自身形成了X形大斜撑机构、使剪力墙结构中各构件的内力发生重分布,其受力更趋合理,延缓剪力墙板裂缝的发生和发展,使其裂缝分布更加均匀。用大型分析软件ANSYS14.0对试验模型进行非线性理论分析,并在结构骨架曲线、位移延性及刚度和变形能力方面与试验结果进行比较。最后,对于新型隔层错跨剪力墙结构给出一些抗震设计建议与构造措施,可供工程设计参考。

The work presented in this paper aims at studying seismic performance of a new skip-floor staggered shear wall structure under low reversed cyclic loading, such as displacement restoring capacity, displacement ductility and the bearing capacity. Experimental studies are conducted to investigate failure pattern, failure mechanism, crack distribution, deformation behavior of this structural system throughout the load history. The results show that this new structure not only has advantages as good building function, big effective space, but also high overall lateral stiffness, fine ductility, advanced seismic behavior, etc. Furthermore, compared with traditional shear wall structure, skip-floor staggered shear wall structure can provide higher both lateral stiffness and bearing capacity. Redistribution of internal forces occurs because of the patterns of arrangement of shear walls, which form diagonal brace structure(X-shape). This X-shape structure should be used to restrict the extension of the cracks and to ensure uniform distribution. A nonlinear FEM analysis of this experimental model is carried out by using software ANSYS14.0 to obtain theoretical values including skeleton curves, displacement ductility and stiffness degradation. Finally, based on the results of studies, some useful suggestions about seismic design and details are given, which can be used as reference for structural design.