关角隧道突涌水防治技术体系研究

Research on prevention and control technology system of sudden water inflow of Guanjiao tunnel

关角隧道修建长达7年时间,隧道突涌水是制约施工的主要难题。为解决隧道施工中探水精度不高,高压动水条件注浆困难,长距离、大流量抽排水难度高等技术难题,研究建立了一套突涌水防治技术体系。通过综合采用调查统计、经验总结、理论分析与数值分析等方法,提出了关角隧道突涌水水文地质模型和突涌水模式,揭示了关角隧道突涌水机理,为关角隧道突涌水处治提供了理论依据;建立了突涌水预报方法,其预测准确率达76%;提出了高压富水地层分类注浆及顶水注浆综合治理技术,为不同突涌水模式的注浆堵水提供了解决方案;采用地表导流方式大大减少了地表水对洞内突涌水的水源补给;提出了高扬程长距离反坡排水技术,在高海拔地区实现了抽排水量30万m^3/d。研究成果是重要的工程实践经验积累,可为类似工程提供借鉴,具有很高的推广应用价值。

Guanjiao tunnel was built for seven years,and the sudden water inflow is the main obstacle to the tunnel construction. In order to solve the technical problems such as difficulty in detecting water in tunnel construction,difficulty in grouting under the high pressure dynamic water condition and difficulty in pumping and draining water with long distance and large water flow rate,a technical system of prevention and control the sudden water inflow is established. Based on the methods of survey and statistics,empirical analysis,theoretical analysis and numerical analysis,this paper puts forward the hydrogeological model and mode of sudden water inflow in Guanjiao tunnel,and reveals the mechanism of sudden water inflow in Guanjiao tunnel,which provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of sudden water inflow in Guanjiao tunnel. The method of forecasting sudden water inflow is established,and the prediction accuracy is 76%. the comprehensive treatment technology of classification grouting and water-jacking grouting in stratum with high pressure and rich water is put forward,which provides a solution to grouting and blocking water of different sudden water inflow mode. The use of surface river diversion method greatly reduces water supply of tunnel from the surface river. A high lift and long distance reverse slope drainage technology is proposed,and it reaches pumping capacity of 300,000 m^3/d in high altitude areas. The research results are important accumulation of engineering practice experience,can provide reference for similar projects,and have high popularization and application value.