新型抗冲击型黏滞阻尼器的力学性能研究

Study on mechanical property the of new type viscous dampers with shock resistance

现有特大跨桥梁结构横向减震系统在体系转换过程中会产生巨大的冲击力和刚度突变,针对该问题,研发了一种新型抗冲击型黏滞阻尼器。通过落锤冲击试验,模拟剪力销剪断瞬间产生的冲击力,研究冲击力对阻尼器性能的影响。试验结果表明,研发的阻尼器为速度相关型阻尼器;在冲击力作用瞬间,装置的位移量非常小,具有较大的刚度,可保证结构体系的稳定转换;可根据实际工程的需求调整剪切间隙,满足不同阻尼力的需求。从计算流体力学角度,采用Fluent软件的六自由度运动模型结合动网格技术,能够很好地模拟阻尼器的力学性能。引入速度相关系数、间隙系数和调整系数,反映黏滞液的黏度、剪切间隙等因素对阻尼器力学性能的影响,提出了新型抗冲击型黏滞阻尼器的力学模型,用于指导阻尼器的初步设计。

In the process of system conversion, the lateral shock absorption system of the large span bridge structure will produce huge impact force and stiffness mutation. A new type viscous damper with shock resistance was developed to solve this problem. To study the performance of damper under shock condition by drop hammer impact testing. The results indicate the new damper was speed dependent damper. At the moment of impact, the displacement of the device is very small, which means it has a large rigidity to ensure the stable transformation of the structural system. According to the needs of actual engineering, we can adjust shear gap to meet different damping forces. Fluent software was adopted and combined with the dynamic meshing technology and six DOF,.A mechanical model of the viscous damper was established by velocity index and gap index and adjustment coefficient, which can show the influence of viscosity and shear gap on the mechanical property of damper. The mechanical model can be used to guide for preliminary design of damper.