隧道爆破振动下既有建筑结构动力响应及损伤研究综述

Research overview on dynamic response and damage of existing structure under tunnel blasting vibration

针对隧道爆破振动引起建筑结构的损伤问题,首先阐述隧道爆破振动峰值振速和频率的衰减规律;然后总结隧道爆破下采用反应谱法、时程分析法、损伤指数量化法和现场试验测试法得出的结构振动反应特征,阐述隧道爆破下建筑结构的损伤机理和易损构件,并探究了基于高阶局部模态的爆破振动下结构振动的损伤机理;阐述振动安全标准及改进方法;最后指出今后的研究重点:①建立同时考虑结构承重构件和非承重构件的三维全结构模型,探究爆破振动下非承重构件的振动反应及损伤情况;②基于结构动力学和高阶模态理论,通过分析爆破振动主频与结构高阶模态频率之间的关系,探索建筑结构在隧道爆破下的高阶模态振动效应及损伤特征;③需要综合考虑结构峰值振速—峰值应力的耦合响应特征来探究建筑结构在隧道爆破振动下的损伤机理,辨识易损构件,改进和完善爆破振动安全标准;④结合大数据、信息化和结构健康监测技术,实现动态化、定量化和精细化评价爆破振动下建筑物安全和结构损伤。

The local members of buildings are primarily prone to suffering damage subjected to tunnel blasting vibration.Firstly,the attenuation law of peak vibration velocity and frequency of blasting vibration wave in tunnel are described.Dynamic response characteristics of structure under tunnel blasting vibration are summarized by response spectrum method,time history analysis method,damage and fracture indicator method and field test.The damage mechanism and delicate members of structure are interpreted under tunnel blasting.According to high-order local modal analysis,damage assessment and dynamic response of structure under tunnel blasting vibration are introduced.The current safety standards of vibration velocity frequency are summarized.In addition,the improvement methods of safety standard are expounded.Finally,this study shows the future research as following:(1)3 D full structural model is established in consideration of bearing and non-load-bearing members in order to explore the damage and dynamic response of non-load-bearing members.(2)Based on the structural dynamics and high order modes theory,by analyzing the relationships between dominant frequencies of the blasting vibration and natural frequencies of high order modes of buildings,the vibration effect under high frequency tunnel blasting are explored.(3)Considering the peak particle velocity and stress of local members coupling under tunnel blasting,the dynamic damage mechanism and delicate members of structure are investigated in order to improve and perfect the safety standard of blasting vibration.(4)Integrating big data and informatization with structural health monitoring technologies,it is to achieve dynamic,quantitative and accurate evaluation of building safety and structural damage under blasting vibration.